Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
The origin of the word haematology is Greek and means 'blood science'. Haematology is a branch of science that deals with the structure and functions of blood and bone marrow in normal and disease states. Blood delivers all kinds of vital substances to tissues and organs. In addition to this carrier function, it has very important functions such as protecting our body against microbes and other environmental damages. Blood consists of a liquid called plasma and 3 types of cells in this liquid.
- Red blood cells (red blood cells - erythrocytes)
- White blood cells (white blood cells-leukocytes)
- Coagulation platelets (platelets)
These blood cells are produced by stem cells in the bone marrow and are broken down after a certain period of time. Since the bone marrow produces blood cells continuously, the number of blood cells remains constant within certain limits. The lymph nodes, thymus and spleen work in co-operation with the white blood cells to protect the body against germs and harmful agents (immune system).